Procédés et mécanique aux petites échelles PROMETHEE
Micro-objets déformables sous forçage hydrodynamique
Microfluidique et Procédés
Organisation des écoulements aux petites échelles
Séparations membranaires
suite...
Présentation
L’équipe PROcédés et MEcanique aux petiTes écHEllEs (PROMETHEE) développe des compétences marquées relevant aussi bien de la mécanique des milieux continus que du génie des procédés tout en combinant approche expérimentale et développement de théories et de modèles. L’originalité des études menées se décline selon plusieurs spécificités :
Echelle micro-nano d’observation et d’analyse qui évacue les problématiques liées à la turbulence (régime de Stokes) mais nécessite de considérer des aspects aux frontières de la discipline ;
Rôle prédominant des interfaces : interactions avec les parois solides à l’échelle nano (nano-tubes), interaction fluide-structure avec des membranes fluides ou polymérisée à l’échelle méso ;
Connexion avec les fluides complexes, la matière molle et les systèmes biologiques.
Sur le thème de la micro- et nano-fluidique, les objets d’étude, physico-chimiques (gouttes, capsules,…) et biologiques (vésicules, globules rouges,…), comprennent aussi les procédés intensifiés d’encapsulation et de vectorisation par microréacteur, thèmes en plein essor. L’équipe développe également des outils de caractérisation de l’organisation aux petites échelles comme le développement de simulations numériques pour rendre compte de la ségrégation obtenue au sein de milieux granulaires et la mise au point de méthode chimique de caractérisation des effets de micromélange (mélange à l’échelle moléculaire). A cela s’ajoute une activité de caractérisation et modélisation thermodynamique de milieux complexes.
Les outils numériques développés et mis en œuvre sont variés : intégrale de frontière, éléments finis, immersed boundary method, méthode Lattice Boltzman…
Pierre Haldenwang, Braulio Bernales, Pierrette Guichardon, Nelson Ibaseta. Simple Theoretical Results on Reversible Fouling in Cross-Flow Membrane Filtration. Membranes, MDPI, 2019, Application of Membrane Filtration in Industrial Processes, and in the Treatment of Water and Industrial Wastewater), 9 (4), pp.48. ⟨10.3390/membranes9040048⟩. ⟨hal-02109009⟩ Plus de détails...
In cross-flow membrane filtration, fouling results from material deposit which clogs the membrane inner surface. This hinders filtration, which experiences the so-called limiting flux. Among the models proposed by the literature, we retain a simple one: a steady-state reversible fouling is modelled with the use of a single additional parameter, i.e., N d , the ratio of the critical concentration for deposition to the feed concentration at inlet. To focus on fouling, viscous pressure drop and osmotic (counter-)pressure have been chosen low. It results in a minimal model of fouling. Solved thoroughly with the numerical means appropriate to enforce the nonlinear coupling between permeation and concentration polarization, the model delivers novel information. It first shows that permeation is utterly governed by solute transfer, the relevant non-dimensional quantities being hence limited to N d and Pe in , the transverse Péclet number. Furthermore, when the role played by N d and moderate Pe in (say Pe in < 40) is investigated, all results can be interpreted with the use of a single non-dimensional parameter, F l , the so-called fouling number, which simply reads F l ≡ Pe in N −1 d. Now rendered possible, the overall fit of the numerical data allows us to put forward analytical final expressions, which involve all the physical parameters and allow us to retrieve the experimental trends.
Pierre Haldenwang, Braulio Bernales, Pierrette Guichardon, Nelson Ibaseta. Simple Theoretical Results on Reversible Fouling in Cross-Flow Membrane Filtration. Membranes, MDPI, 2019, Application of Membrane Filtration in Industrial Processes, and in the Treatment of Water and Industrial Wastewater), 9 (4), pp.48. ⟨10.3390/membranes9040048⟩. ⟨hal-02109009⟩
Carlos Baqueiro, Nelson Ibaseta, Pierrette Guichardon, Laurent Falk. Influence of reagents choice (buffer, acid and inert salt) on triiodide production in the Villermaux–Dushman method applied to a stirred vessel. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, Elsevier, 2018, 136, pp.25-31. ⟨10.1016/j.cherd.2018.04.017⟩. ⟨hal-01771934⟩ Plus de détails...
This work studies how deeply the reagents choice influences micromixing characterisation by the Villermaux-Dushman method, when applying it to a 1 litre stainless steel standard vessel with two baffles, stirred by an inclined blade turbine. For the first time, borate and phosphate buffer are compared on their use in the method. It is observed that triiodide production is higher when borate buffer is used. Moreover, perchloric acid leads to higher triiodide production than sulphuric acid, when injecting the same concentration of both acids. Finally, the influence of the ionic strength is also studied, since there has been a great deal of controversy about it over the last years. The results show that the ionic strength affects triiodide production, although relatively slightly. Advice concerning the choice of the reagents is given in conclusion.
Carlos Baqueiro, Nelson Ibaseta, Pierrette Guichardon, Laurent Falk. Influence of reagents choice (buffer, acid and inert salt) on triiodide production in the Villermaux–Dushman method applied to a stirred vessel. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, Elsevier, 2018, 136, pp.25-31. ⟨10.1016/j.cherd.2018.04.017⟩. ⟨hal-01771934⟩
Xue Chen, Xun Wang, Paul G. Chen, Qiusheng Liu. Determination of Diffusion Coefficient in Droplet Evaporation Experiment Using Response Surface Method. Microgravity Science and Technology, Springer, 2018, 30, pp.675-682. ⟨10.1007/s12217-018-9645-2⟩. ⟨hal-02112826⟩ Plus de détails...
Evaporation of a liquid droplet resting on a heated substrate is a complex free-surface advection-diffusion problem, in which the main driving force of the evaporation is the vapor concentration gradient across the droplet surface. Given the uncertainty associated with the diffusion coefficient of the vapor in the atmosphere during space evaporation experiments due to the environmental conditions, a simple and accurate determination of its value is of paramount importance for a better understanding of the evaporation process. Here we present a novel approach combining numerical simulations and experimental results to address this issue. Specifically, we construct a continuous function of output using a Kriging-based response surface method, which allows to use the numerical results as a black-box with a limited number of inputs and outputs. Relevant values of the diffusion coefficient can then be determined by solving an inverse problem which is based on accessible experimental data and the proposed response surface. In addition, on the basis of our numerical simulation results, we revisit a widely used formula for the prediction of the evaporation rate in the literature and propose a refined expression for the droplets evaporating on a heated substrate.
Xue Chen, Xun Wang, Paul G. Chen, Qiusheng Liu. Determination of Diffusion Coefficient in Droplet Evaporation Experiment Using Response Surface Method. Microgravity Science and Technology, Springer, 2018, 30, pp.675-682. ⟨10.1007/s12217-018-9645-2⟩. ⟨hal-02112826⟩
Xue Chen, Xun Wang, Paul G. Chen, Qiusheng Liu. Determination of Diffusion Coefficient in Droplet Evaporation Experiment Using Response Surface Method. Microgravity Science and Technology, Springer, 2018, 30, pp.675-682. ⟨10.1007/s12217-018-9645-2⟩. ⟨hal-01847206⟩ Plus de détails...
Evaporation of a liquid droplet resting on a heated substrate is a complex free-surface advection-diffusion problem, in which the main driving force of the evaporation is the vapor concentration gradient across the droplet surface. Given the uncertainty associated with the diffusion coefficient of the vapor in the atmosphere during space evaporation experiments due to the environmental conditions, a simple and accurate determination of its value is of paramount importance for a better understanding of the evaporation process. Here we present a novel approach combining numerical simulations and experimental results to address this issue. Specifically, we construct a continuous function of output using a Kriging-based response surface method, which allows to use the numerical results as a black-box with a limited number of inputs and outputs. Relevant values of the diffusion coefficient can then be determined by solving an inverse problem which is based on accessible experimental data and the proposed response surface. In addition, on the basis of our numerical simulation results, we revisit a widely used formula for the prediction of the evaporation rate in the literature and propose a refined expression for the droplets evaporating on a heated substrate.
Xue Chen, Xun Wang, Paul G. Chen, Qiusheng Liu. Determination of Diffusion Coefficient in Droplet Evaporation Experiment Using Response Surface Method. Microgravity Science and Technology, Springer, 2018, 30, pp.675-682. ⟨10.1007/s12217-018-9645-2⟩. ⟨hal-01847206⟩
Umberto d'Ortona, Nathalie Thomas, Richard Lueptow. Recirculation cells for granular flow in cylindrical rotating tumblers. Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2018, 97 (5), pp.052904. ⟨10.1103/PhysRevE.97.052904⟩. ⟨hal-01875642⟩ Plus de détails...
To better understand the velocity field and flowing layer structure, we have performed a detailed discrete element method study of the flow of monodisperse particles in a partially filled three-dimensional cylindrical rotating tumblers. Similar to what occurs near the poles in spherical and conical tumblers, recirculation cells (secondary flows) develop near the flat endwalls of a cylindrical tumbler in which particles near the surface drift axially toward the endwall, while particles deeper in the flowing layer drift axially toward the midlength of the tumbler. Another recirculation cell with the opposite sense develops next to each endwall recirculation cell, extending to the midlength of the tumbler. For a long enough tumbler, each endwall cell is about one quarter of the tumbler diameter in length. Endwall cells are insensitive to tumbler length and relatively insensitive to rotation speed (so long as the flowing layer remains flat and continuously flowing) or fill level (from 25% to 50% full). However, for shorter tumblers (0.5 to 1.0 length/diameter aspect ratio) the endwall cell size does not change much, while center cells reduce their size and eventually disappear for the shortest tumblers. For longer tumblers (length/diameter aspect ratio larger than 2), a stagnation zone appears in between the central cells. These results provide insight into the mixing of monodisperse particles in rotating cylindrical tumblers as well as the frictional effects of the tumbler endwalls.
Umberto d'Ortona, Nathalie Thomas, Richard Lueptow. Recirculation cells for granular flow in cylindrical rotating tumblers. Physical Review E , American Physical Society (APS), 2018, 97 (5), pp.052904. ⟨10.1103/PhysRevE.97.052904⟩. ⟨hal-01875642⟩
10 Décembre 2014
- "On the Coupling of Membrane Transport to Hydrodynamics and Bulk Mass Transfer in Reverse Osmosis: Numerical Modeling and Experimental Studies" / Soutenance de thèse: Gustavo Henndel Lopes
Doctorant: Gustavo Henndel LOPES
Directrice de thèse: Pierrette GUICHARDON Co-Directeur de thèse: Nelson IBASETA
Date de soutenance: le 10 Décembre 2014 à 10h00, amphithéâtre 1 de l'École Centrale Marseille
Résumé: The prediction of the performance of pressure-driven membrane
separations, deeply affected by concentration polarization, would be an
important advance for process design and optimization. In this context,
the dimensionless coupled Navier-Stokes and solute conservation
equations are solved numerically for a steady laminar cross-flow
filtration. The two-dimensional flat channel consists of permeable walls
subject to solution-diffusion boundary conditions. The permeate flux,
the rejection rate and the retentate's flow rate, concentration and
pressure drop are determined locally. The simulations highlight the
influence of the membrane solute and solvent permeabilities on
concentration polarization and the non-asymptotic dependence of the
rejection rate on the applied pressure. The model is validated for
reverse osmosis and tight-nanofiltration plate-and-frame and
spiral-wound modules by comparison to experimental results from the
literature and from our own pilot desalination tests. Furthermore, a
bench-scale method enabling the determination of solute and solvent
permeabilities from osmotic-diffusive experiments is developed and
applied to reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes. The divergence
between the transport mechanisms engendered by pressure and by an
osmotic gradient is evidenced. The numerical model and the experimental
method are new promising tools with immediate applicability in the
membrane field.
Jury: Sébastien DÉON, Maître de conférences, Université de Franche-Comté (Rapporteur)
Pierrette GUICHARDON, Professeur des universités, École Centrale Marseille (Directrice de thèse)
Pierre HALDENWANG, Professeur des universités, Aix Marseille Université (Examinateur)
Nelson IBASETA, Maître de conférences, École Centrale Marseille (Codirecteur de thèse)
Alain LINÉ, Professeur des universités, Inst. Nat. de Sci. Appl. de Toulouse (Rapporteur)
Ana María URTIAGA, Profesora catedrática, Universidad de Cantabria (Examinatrice)
